Volkswagen Lupo (6E/6X). 1998–2005 (prod. 490,000 approx.). 3-door saloon. F/F, 1191, 1422 cm³ diesel (I3 OHC), 997 cm³ (I4 OHV), 999, 1390 cm³ petrol, 1716 cm³ diesel (I4 OHC), 1390, 1598 cm³ (I4 DOHC). SEAT Arosa with a cuter grille, slotting beneath the Volkswagen Polo III. Spartan in lower specs, and little luggage space with the seats up. Fun to drive, but ride can be bouncy, and refined for the segment. The 3L TDI was the most economical, with fuel consumption of 2·99 ℓ/100 km, carbon dioxide emissions of 81 g/km, with a C_d of 0,29, the use of magnesium and aluminium in the engine, and bonnet and doors made of aluminium.

Manufacturing locations: Wolfsburg, Niedersachsen, Germany; Bruxelles, Belgium

Marque: Volkswagen | Successor: Volkswagen Fox (2003–21)